Direct answer: Baits determine which fish or boss can bite your fishing rod. Regular lures cover groups of fish, boss lures target specific island bosses, and special quest items such as Carrot, Coconut, Empty Beer Can, Modified Leech, and Tuna trigger particular encounters.

All baits and how to get them

BaitHow to getFish or creature caught
Beginner Boss LureBuy on Island 2, Island 3, or Island 5Sunfish; The Old Pike
Beginner LureBuy on Island 5Salmon; Perch; Triggerfish; Goldfish; Piranha; Cod; Goby
CarrotReceive from the NPC near a coconut tree after feeding him an endangered fishPufferfish
CoconutPurchase from coconut trees on Island 3Bing Bong
Empty Beer CanBuy Beer on Island 1, 3, 4, or 5, then give it to the NPC so it becomes an Empty Beer CanSpider Crab
Free LureDefault lure on the Crab Fishing RodBrown Crab; Shrimp; Mackerel; Gar; Pike
HotdogBuy on Island 1 or Island 2Rock Crab; Lobster; Piranha
Modified LeechReceive from the female NPC on Island 2 after giving her five leechesGiant Piranha
Professional Boss LureBuy on Island 4 or Island 5Tuna
Professional LureBuy on Island 4 or Island 5Bass; Eel; Red Snapper; Sengarat; Halibut; Flying Fish; Voxelfish; Parrotfish; Dripper; Tigerfish
Standard Boss LureBuy on Island 3, Island 4, or Island 5Blue Shark
Standard LureBuy on Island 3, Island 4, or Island 5Catfish; Clownfish; Sea Urchin; Yellow Boxfish; Needlefish; Angelfish; Bluegill; Bowlfish; Seahorse
TunaObtain after defeating the Tuna bossAlbatross

The table combines acquisition routes with the catches each bait can attract. Some lure mappings can change or receive corrections after a patch, so use the visible item and catch behavior in your current game if it differs from this reviewed table.

How to equip bait

  1. Equip a fishing rod.
  2. Press B on the keyboard to cycle or change the currently equipped bait.
  3. Stop on the bait you want to use.
  4. Cast the lure into the water.
  5. Reel the catch in after it takes the bait.

Special boss bait is normally used for a specific encounter. Do not spend or discard a quest item until you know which creature it is intended to attract.